UK, remember your settings and improve government services. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Old Age Pensions Act provided for a non-contributory old age pension for eligible people over National Insurance Act intended to create a national system of insurance for working people against illness and unemployment.
All wage-earners aged 16 to 70 had to contribute 4d per week, with employers paying in 3d and the state 2d. He is the only Prime Minister to have taken office on foreign soil. His first name was rarely used in public and he was often referred to just as HH — he was christened Herbert, but his second wife used the name Henry.
Herbert Henry Asquith was the son of a Yorkshire clothing manufacturer. In Asquith was elected as the Liberal MP for East Fife, despite the limitations of being a young widower with 5 children he had married Helen Kelsall Mellard, but she died from typhoid.
The 7-year stipend from the fellowship smoothed his way as a student at Lincoln's Inn, for he chose not classical studies but the law for his career.
He was admitted to the bar in The next year he married Helen Melland, daughter of a prominent Manchester physician, and settled in Hampstead on the edge of London. Asquith's law practice developed slowly, and his real ambitions, it soon became clear, were in politics. He entered the House of Commons in as Liberal member for East Fife, a Scottish constituency which he represented for the next 32 years.
His extraordinary maiden speech marked him out for future greatness. His defense though unsuccessful in of R. Cunninghame-Graham for unlawful assembly in Trafalgar Square on "Bloody Sunday" and his services extraordinarily successful in as junior counsel for Charles Parnell before the Commission of Enquiry investigating Parnell's alleged approval of the Phoenix Park murders in Dublin brought him to public notice.
In he became a queen's counsel. When William Gladstone and the Liberals returned to power in , Asquith, now 40, was given Cabinet office as home secretary. In a government sharply divided over fundamental issues, he occupied himself largely with departmental details, working out a thoroughly satisfactory arrangement for public meetings in Trafalgar Square and enacting the Factory Act of , which applied new standards of protection in industry.
And though the Liberal government went from indifferent success under Gladstone to total failure under Lord Rosebury, Asquith emerged as a future leader of his party. Asquith's wife had died in , leaving him with five young children.
Three years later he married Emma Alice Margaret Margot Tennant, daughter of a wealthy landed aristocrat and a woman distinguished in her own right in intellectual and social circles. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets CSS enabled. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience.
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World War One Centenary. By the end of , many of the building blocks that would make possible the final victory of were already in place. In this context, those who condemned Lloyd George for abandoning his Liberalism often tended to forget just how many ideological compromises had already been made by the Asquithian regime. Asquith had invited the Conservatives to join his administration in largely as a means of avoiding a risky wartime general election. But he never had any serious interest in sharing power with them, and went to considerable lengths to keep key ministerial posts in Liberal hands.
The Conservatives would share responsibility for the management of the war effort, but would have only limited power to shape it. It was never marked by any significant unity of purpose.
Partisan rancour between Liberals and Tories continued to simmer beneath the surface, and few Conservatives developed any sense of loyalty to the Prime Minister.
But it would be wrong to describe him as being in thrall to the Conservatives. He might have been more flexible in his political thinking than many other leading Liberals of his day, but he always denied that he had abandoned his Liberalism.
Rather, he argued that Liberal principles needed to be reconsidered and applied in new ways in the peculiar context of war. Despite the enmity of many of his former Cabinet colleagues, Lloyd George retained the support of a sizeable element of the Liberal Party in Parliament — in particular the backbenchers in the pro-conscription Liberal War Committee — and of Liberal intellectuals and journalists such as the historian H.
Fisher and C. Scott, the editor of the Manchester Guardian. Above all, in his dynamic and resourceful approach to politics, Lloyd George remained a Radical. The manner in which the Conservatives turned on him and ejected him from office in order to return to single-party government in demonstrated how few of them had ever truly accepted him as one of their own.
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